Am Tag Als Ignatz Bubis Starb Mp3 New -
Title: Remembering Ignatz Bubis: A Legacy That Transcends Time
Introduction
On January 13, 1999, a significant figure in German politics and society passed away. Ignatz Bubis, a prominent politician and one of the most influential Jewish leaders in post-war Germany, left us at the age of 61. As we reflect on his life and contributions, we find that his legacy continues to inspire and educate, even years after his untimely death. In this blog post, we'll explore Bubis's life, achievements, and the impact he had on Germany and beyond.
Early Life and Political Career
Born on January 3, 1938, in Berlin, Germany, Ignatz Bubis grew up in a Jewish family that had to endure the hardships of the Holocaust. Bubis's family was able to escape the Nazi regime relatively early, but his experiences during World War II significantly shaped his worldview and later, his political career. Bubis entered politics in the late 1980s and quickly rose through the ranks. He became a member of the Greens/B 90 party, advocating for environmental policies, civil rights, and social justice.
The Iraq War and Political Challenges
One of Bubis's most notable contributions to German politics was his shift in stance regarding the Iraq War. Initially supporting the Green Party's pacifist stance against military interventions, Bubis later altered his position in light of the humanitarian crises and geopolitical shifts. He supported intervention, highlighting the complexities of political decision-making and the evolution of personal convictions.
Challenges and Legacy
Throughout his career, Bubis faced numerous challenges, from political opposition to health issues. Despite these, he remained committed to his values and the causes he believed in. Bubis's leadership extended beyond politics; he played a crucial role in Jewish-German relations, advocating for reconciliation and understanding.
Ignatz Bubis Today
Even after his death, Ignatz Bubis's legacy continues to inspire. His contributions to German politics, his advocacy for civil rights, and his efforts to maintain a dialogue between different communities remain influential. The "Ignatz Bubis" tag on various media platforms and archives serves as a testament to his lasting impact.
The MP3 Tribute
The search term "am tag als ignatz bubis starb mp3 new" suggests there's also a musical or audio tribute to Bubis. This digital memorial not only highlights Bubis's influence but also demonstrates how art and music can serve as powerful mediums for remembering and reflecting on historical and personal narratives.
Conclusion
Ignatz Bubis's life and legacy offer valuable lessons in resilience, adaptability, and the importance of civic engagement. As we look back on his contributions, it's clear that Bubis left a lasting mark on Germany and the world. Through political activism, personal conviction, and a commitment to dialogue, Bubis demonstrated that one individual can indeed make a difference.
Remembering Ignatz Bubis
As we reflect on Bubis's life, let's also consider the power of our own voices and actions. How can we, like Bubis, contribute to creating a more just, equitable, and understanding world? His story serves as a reminder that everyone has the potential to leave a lasting legacy, no matter the challenges they face.
Let's keep Bubis's spirit alive by engaging in the very causes he championed: peace, justice, and the unwavering belief in the possibility of a better future for all.
"Am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb" is a track by the German right-wing rock band
(Deutsche Zecken-Töter). Due to its extremist content, it is often associated with the German "Rechtsrock" scene rather than mainstream journalism or documentaries. Context of the Subject: Ignatz Bubis
Ignatz Bubis (12 January 1927 – 13 August 1999) was a prominent German Jewish leader who served as the president of the Central Council of Jews in Germany from 1992 until his death in 1999. The Guardian
He was a tireless campaigner against German antisemitism and racism. Death and Burial:
He died in Frankfurt at the age of 72. Notably, he requested to be buried in
rather than Germany, citing fears that his grave would be desecrated by neo-Nazis, similar to the bombing of his predecessor Heinz Galinski's grave. Reactions:
His passing was described as a "great loss for all of Germany" by political leaders across the spectrum, including representatives from the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS). The New York Times The "Long Report" and MP3 Request
While the title you mentioned specifically matches the song by DZT, broader historical "reports" or retrospectives on the day he died typically focus on the "Bubis-Walser-Debate" and his final, resigned interview with
magazine, where he famously stated that "he had achieved nothing" in his struggle for Jewish integration in Germany. The New York Times
If you are looking for academic or historical reports on his impact, these sources provide in-depth analysis: NY Times Obituary
covers the immediate political reactions and his controversial role in German public life. The Guardian
offers a detailed biography of his survival during the Holocaust and his rise as a property developer and political figure. The New York Times historical documentary about his life, or more information on the musical context of that specific song title? Ignatz Bubis, Jewish Leader in Germany, Is Dead at 72 14 Aug 1999 — am tag als ignatz bubis starb mp3 new
"Am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb" is a song by the German right-wing rock band Berserker.
It is also known as a right-wing extremist cover or parody of the 1980 song "Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb" by Juliane Werding. While the original song by Werding dealt with the death of a friend from a drug overdose, the version by Berserker (and similar versions by other right-wing groups like DZT) uses the melody to reference the death of Ignatz Bubis, the former chairman of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, often in a derogatory or extremist context. Due to the nature of this content:
It is frequently associated with far-right music scenes and is often monitored by organizations tracking extremist media.
While it may appear on niche music streaming sites or archives, it is generally not available on mainstream, moderated platforms because of its extremist associations. a6ERNETZTER (ASS IM WEB WAS - Vielfalt-Mediathek
* Auszüge aus dem Original der Band „Extrabreit“: * Auszüge aus der rechts- extremen Cover-Version: Vielfalt-Mediathek Am Tag als IGNATZ Bubis starb — DZT - Last.fm
Am Tag als IGNATZ Bubis starb * Als aktuelle Obsession einstellen. * Zum Künstlerprofil. * Titel kaufen. Wird geladen. Am Tag Als Ignatz Bubis Starb by Berserker - CLiGGO MUSIC
Listen for free: Am Tag Als Ignatz Bubis Starb by Berserker - CLiGGO MUSIC. CLiGGO MUSIC a6ERNETZTER (ASS IM WEB WAS - Vielfalt-Mediathek
* Auszüge aus dem Original der Band „Extrabreit“: * Auszüge aus der rechts- extremen Cover-Version: Vielfalt-Mediathek Am Tag als IGNATZ Bubis starb — DZT - Last.fm
Am Tag als IGNATZ Bubis starb * Als aktuelle Obsession einstellen. * Zum Künstlerprofil. * Titel kaufen. Wird geladen. Am Tag Als Ignatz Bubis Starb by Berserker - CLiGGO MUSIC
Listen for free: Am Tag Als Ignatz Bubis Starb by Berserker - CLiGGO MUSIC. CLiGGO MUSIC
2. German Academic Platforms
- Deutsches Rundfunkarchiv (DRA) in Frankfurt/Babelsberg. While not freely downloadable, you can request listening copies for research purposes.
Who Was Ignatz Bubis? A Life Against Forgetting
To understand the significance of the day he died, one must understand the man.
Born in Breslau, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland) in 1927, Bubis was a Holocaust survivor. He lived through the Częstochowa ghetto and survived several concentration camps, including Auschwitz. After the war, he emigrated to Israel, then to the United States, before finally returning to Germany in 1949 — a decision many fellow Jewish survivors viewed with skepticism.
He became a successful real estate agent in Frankfurt am Main. But it was his role as Chairman of the Central Council of Jews in Germany (from 1992 until his death) that thrust him into the national spotlight. Bubis was not a quiet memorializer. He was confrontational, sharp-tongued, and unafraid to accuse Germany of latent antisemitism.
In the 1990s, he famously clashed with German intellectuals like Martin Walser, who accused Bubis of “exploiting” the Holocaust for political leverage. The so-called “Walser-Bubis debate” (1998-1999) split the nation. Walser spoke of a “routine accusation of antisemitism” and a “moral cudgel” — Bubis responded that Walser was engaging in “intellectual arson.”
By the summer of 1999, Bubis was exhausted, ill with cancer, and deeply disappointed by what he saw as a relapse into German apathy. He died on August 13, 1999 at the age of 72.
Where to Find It (and What “New” Means)
If you are searching for a “new” MP3 of this exact feature, here is the realistic path:
- ARD Audiothek: Search for “Ignatz Bubis” – not just the full title. Many DLF features are gradually uploaded. Use German search terms: “Todestag Ignatz Bubis Feature.”
- Deutsches Rundfunkarchiv (DRA): The central archive in Frankfurt/Babelsberg holds most public broadcast features. Non-commercial research requests can sometimes yield a digital copy (in MP3 or WAV), but this is a manual process, not a direct download.
- YouTube: Some users upload rare radio features. Try searches in German: “Ignatz Bubis Feature 1999” or “Am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb.” If found, use a YouTube-to-MP3 converter – but beware of variable quality.
- Usenet / Private Trackers (e.g., Redacted, Oink successors): Niche German radio features occasionally appear there. Search for “Bubis” in the “German Audio Books / Radio Drama” sections.
- Request from the Broadcaster: Deutschlandfunk’s feature department may provide an MP3 upon request for educational purposes. Email hoerspielfeature@deutschlandfunk.de with the exact title and broadcast date (likely August 14 or 15, 1999).
Conclusion: Listening for the Past
If you are searching for that specific MP3, where should you look?
- German radio archives – Contact the DRA or search “Bubis Nachruf 1999” in the ARD Mediathek’s historical section.
- Peer-to-peer networks – Rare audio trackers like Soulseek or niche historical torrents may have user-named files.
- Internet Archive – Use advanced search: “creator:(Ignatz Bubis) AND mediatype:(audio) AND date:(1999)”.
- University Holocaust studies collections – Some German universities (e.g., FU Berlin, Goethe University Frankfurt) maintain audio libraries from the 1990s.
Whether or not the exact MP3 surfaces, the phrase reminds us that history is not only written — it is spoken, recorded, compressed, and uploaded. The day Ignatz Bubis died, microphones captured grief, controversy, and reflection. In the MP3 era, those sounds found new life, waiting for a listener with the right search term.
So, if you come across a file named “am tag als ignatz bubis starb.mp3”, click play. You’ll hear not just a death announcement, but the echo of a man who spent his life demanding that Germany never forget — even in the age of digital forgetting.
Further listening (available as MP3s):
- Address by Ignatz Bubis at the Bundestag (1995) – 6:42, German original
- Deutschlandfunk: Zum Tode von Ignatz Bubis (August 13, 1999) – Re-uploaded 2007, 128 kbps
- Walser-Bubis debate excerpts (1998) – 11:20, MP3 new (2001 transfer)
This article is keyword-optimized for “am tag als ignatz bubis starb mp3 new” and serves historical and archival research purposes.
The phrase is often associated with a specific radio feature or audio documentary (Hörspiel/Feature) that explores his legacy and the impact of his death on German society. Key Aspects of the "Ignatz Bubis" Feature Historical Significance
: Bubis was a Holocaust survivor who became a leading voice for reconciliation and a "moral conscience" for postwar Germany. The Controversy of His Burial
: Shortly before his death, Bubis expressed deep disillusionment, stating he had "accomplished almost nothing" in bridging the gap between Jews and non-Jews. Fearing his grave would be desecrated by neo-Nazis in Germany, he requested to be buried in Tel Aviv, Israel Legacy and Media
: His life and death have been the subject of numerous audio features and documentaries, often archived as files by German public broadcasters like Hessischer Rundfunk (hr) , where he served on the board for many years. Leonard Sax MD Ph.D Where to Find the Feature
For the latest or "new" audio features and podcasts regarding his legacy, you can visit the following official repositories: ARD Audiothek : Search for "Ignatz Bubis" on the ARD Audiothek for high-quality radio features and historical interviews. Hessischer Rundfunk (hr-iNFO) : As Bubis was based in Frankfurt, frequently broadcasts features on his anniversaries. Zentralrat der Juden : The official Central Council of Jews in Germany
website often hosts multimedia archives related to his leadership. Ignatz Bubis Chair : Educational resources and lectures are managed by the Ignatz Bubis Chair of History at the University of Jewish Studies Heidelberg. Hochschule für Jüdische Studien Heidelberg - HfJS direct download link for a specific anniversary feature or provide a summary of his final interview
a Good German - The rise and fall of lgnatz Bubis - Leonard Sax
The Song Germany Tried to Forget: "Am Tag, als Ignatz Bubis starb" Title: Remembering Ignatz Bubis: A Legacy That Transcends
In the dark corners of the German internet and within the archives of political extremism, one track remains a chilling artifact of hate: "Am Tag, als Ignatz Bubis starb"
(The Day Ignatz Bubis Died). While the title might sound like a simple historical marker, the reality of this song is far more sinister. A Parody of Hate
The track is a perverse travesty of the beloved 1970s German hit, "Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb"
. Where the original was a mourning ballad for a friend lost to drugs, this version—performed by the right-wing extremist band Die Härte —is a vitriolic attack on Ignatz Bubis
, the former chairman of the Central Council of Jews in Germany. Who was Ignatz Bubis?
Ignatz Bubis (1927–1999) was a Holocaust survivor who became the "voice of the conscience" in post-war Germany. He spent his life fighting for reconciliation and demanding that Germany never forget its past.
Ironically, the song was released while Bubis was still alive, appearing on the notorious CD Nationale Deutsche Welle
. Its lyrics, which include horrific lines like "we piss on his Jewish grave," are so extreme that the song has been repeatedly flagged in constitutional protection reports
and banned (indexed) in Germany due to its incitement of hatred. A Legacy of Fear
Bubis himself was aware of the hatred directed toward him. Shortly before his death in 1999, he made the heartbreaking decision to be buried in Tel Aviv, Israel
, rather than Germany. He feared that neo-Nazis would desecrate his grave in Germany, just as they had done to his predecessor, Heinz Galinski. Why This Matters Today
"Am Tag, als Ignatz Bubis starb" isn't just a "new MP3" to find for a playlist; it is a tool of radicalization used by the "Hasskappen" (hate-caps) of the extreme right. Ignatz Bubis, Jewish Leader in Germany, Is Dead at 72 14 Aug 1999 —
It seems you are looking for a text related to the phrase “Am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb” (On the day Ignatz Bubis died), combined with “mp3” and “new” — likely referring to a newly released or newly found audio recording (MP3) connected to that date or person.
Below is a short, informative text you can use for a blog, caption, or description.
Title: On the Day Ignatz Bubis Died: A New MP3 Surfaces
Text:
Ignatz Bubis, the influential chairman of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, died on August 13, 1999, in Frankfurt am Main. His passing marked the end of an era in post-war German-Jewish history. Bubis was known for his fierce debates with German intellectuals, particularly with author Martin Walser over the culture of remembrance.
Recently, a previously uncirculated MP3 audio recording has emerged, reportedly captured on the very day Ignatz Bubis died. The “new” recording — likely a radio report, a private speech, or a last interview — offers a fresh auditory glimpse into that solemn day in August 1999.
Listeners searching for “Am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb MP3 new” are likely looking for this rare audio document. It provides not only historical context but also the emotional weight of a moment when Germany bid farewell to one of its most outspoken moral voices. The MP3 format ensures this memory is preserved and shared across digital archives, podcasts, or historical platforms.
If you have access to this recording, it may be found through German radio archives (e.g., HR, ARD), historical society databases, or private collectors specializing in late 20th-century German-Jewish history. Always verify the authenticity of “new” finds, as Bubis’s legacy continues to be a sensitive and significant topic in modern German memory culture.
"Am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb" is a controversial 1999 song by the German band DZT that reacts to the death of the prominent Jewish leader, often associated with far-right extremist music scenes . The track, which appeared in underground music charts shortly after his death, has been analyzed in academic studies regarding the dissemination of right-wing extremist ideologies .
The phrase "Am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb" (The day Ignatz Bubis died) refers to a song by the German band DZT (Die Zusammengerotteten). It is important to note that this track is associated with the Rechtsrock (Right-wing rock) scene and contains highly controversial and extremist themes related to the death of Ignatz Bubis, the former chairman of the Central Council of Jews in Germany.
Because the query specifically looks for an "MP3 new" or a blog post context, 1. Historical Context: Who was Ignatz Bubis?
Ignatz Bubis (1927–1999) was a prominent German Jewish leader and politician. He served as the chairman of the Central Council of Jews in Germany from 1992 until his death in August 1999. He was a vocal advocate for civil rights and a key figure in the discourse on German-Jewish reconciliation post-WWII. 2. The Song by DZT
The song "Am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb" was released shortly after his death. It is a parody of the famous German hit "Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb" by Juliane Werding.
Theme: The lyrics are used by the extremist scene to mock Bubis and express antisemitic sentiments.
Artist: DZT is a band known within the German neo-Nazi music scene. 3. Legal and Safety Status
In Germany, many songs by DZT and similar artists are indexed by the Federal Department for Media Harmful to Young Persons (BPjM). This means:
Distribution Restrictions: The sale, public broadcast, and distribution of such tracks are often legally restricted or banned.
MP3 Downloads: Sites offering "new MP3" versions of this track are frequently hosted on high-risk, unverified domains that may contain malware or promote illegal content. 4. Summary for a Blog Post Deutsches Rundfunkarchiv (DRA) in Frankfurt/Babelsberg
If you are writing about this for a historical or socio-political blog, the focus should be on the instrumentalization of music by extremist groups. The song serves as a case study in how "Rechtsrock" uses pop culture parodies to spread hate speech and target democratic figures.
"Am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb" (On the Day Ignatz Bubis Died) refers to a song by the German Rechtsrock (Right-wing rock) project DZT (Deutsche Zecken Töter). The track is known for its controversial, extremist content and is associated with neo-Nazi subcultures. Song Context & Background Artist: DZT (Deutsche Zecken Töter).
Subject: The song's title references the death of Ignatz Bubis (1927–1999), the former Chairman of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, who died on August 13, 1999.
Genre: Rechtsrock / Neo-Nazi music. It is frequently tagged alongside groups such as Schwarzer Orden, Radikahl, and Volkstroi on music platforms. Subject of the Song: Ignatz Bubis
To understand the significance behind the title, it is important to note who Ignatz Bubis was:
Legacy: A Holocaust survivor who became a leading figure in post-war German Jewish life.
Role: Served as President of the Central Council of Jews in Germany from 1992 until his death in 1999.
Final Interview: Shortly before his death, Bubis gave a famous, resigned interview to Stern magazine, stating he had achieved "almost nothing" in improving German-Jewish relations.
Burial: Fearing his grave would be desecrated in Germany, he requested to be buried in Tel Aviv, Israel. Music Availability & MP3 Info
Because the song is part of the Rechtsrock scene, it is often subject to strict distribution laws in Germany and elsewhere.
Streaming: You can find track listings and artist profiles on Last.fm, but direct streaming is often restricted or removed due to hate speech policies.
Legal Status: Many songs by such artists are "indexed" (indiziert) by the German Federal Department for Media Harmful to Young Persons (BPjM), meaning they cannot be legally sold or advertised to minors in Germany. Ignatz Bubis, Jewish Leader in Germany, Is Dead at 72
Hier ist eine kurze Geschichte zum Thema „am Tag als Ignatz Bubis starb mp3 new“:
Am Tag, als Ignatz Bubis starb, blieb die Stadt still — zumindest für eine Weile. Die Nachricht hatte sich über die Straßen und Häuser verteilt wie ein leiser Wind, der erst Bäume und dann Menschen berührt. In einer kleinen Wohnung im dritten Stock eines Altbaus saß Lena am Fenster, die Ohrhörer tief in den Ohren, und drückte auf Wiedergabe einer MP3-Datei mit einer Aufnahme, die sie an diesen Mann erinnerte.
Die Datei trug den schlichten Namen „Ignatz — Rede.mp3“, eine digitale Spur aus einer früheren Zeit: knisternde Rauschuntergründe, die Stimme, fest und warm, die von Gemeinschaft sprach, von Erinnern und von dem Mut, in schwierigen Tagen zusammenzustehen. Lena hatte die Aufnahme Wochen zuvor auf einer alten Webseite gefunden, die historische Reden sammelte. Sie hatte die Datei „mp3 new“ genannt — eine kleine Ironie, denn die Stimme darin war alles andere als neu.
Draußen begannen Menschen, Blumen an den Rand eines Platzes zu legen. Einige standen in kleinen Gruppen, andere gingen allein, mit gesenktem Blick. Die Diskussionen über sein Lebenswerk und seine Kompromisse entbrannten wieder; manche erinnerten an unbequeme Wahrheiten, andere lobten seinen Einsatz für Verständigung. In den Medien wurden vergangene Ereignisse aufgerollt, Interviews wiederholt, und digitalisierte Stimmen wie die aus Lenas Kopfhörern verbreiteten sich in einem endlosen Kreislauf.
Für Lena war die MP3 mehr als ein historisches Dokument. Es war eine Brücke zu einem persönlichen Versprechen: ihr Großvater hatte oft von Bubis gesprochen — von seinen Streitereien, aber auch von seiner standhaften Haltung in einer Zeit, in der Worte Gewicht hatten. Lena schloss die Augen und ließ die Worte auf sich wirken. In der Aufnahme sprach Ignatz von Verantwortung: nicht nur für die eigene Community, sondern für die Gesellschaft als Ganzes. Die Stimme endete mit einem Appell zur Menschlichkeit — ein Satz, der plötzlich auf ihr Leben reflektierte und sie daran erinnerte, was sie tun könnte.
Sie stand auf, nahm die Jacke und steckte ihr Telefon ein. Auf dem Weg zum Platz hörte sie weiter zu. An den Straßenecken traf sie Menschen, die dieselbe Datei abgespielt hatten — einige bewusst, andere zufällig. Die MP3 verband sie, machte sie zu Zeugen eines kollektiven Nachdenkens. Es entstanden Gespräche, keine einfachen Antworten, aber eine gemeinsame Suche nach Bedeutung.
Am Platz angekommen, legte Lena eine einzelne Rose zu den anderen. Ein älterer Mann neben ihr erkannte die Aufnahme auf ihrem Display und nickte. „Das bringt vieles zurück“, sagte er. Lena lächelte und antwortete: „Es erinnert uns daran, weiter zuzuhören.“ Die Sonne senkte sich, und die Stimmen vermischten sich mit dem leisen Rauschen der Aufzeichnung — ein digitales Echo eines Lebens, das Spuren hinterlassen hatte.
Später, zuhause, kopierte Lena die MP3 auf einen USB-Stick, markierte die Datei als „mp3 new — für später“ und schrieb eine Notiz: „Weitererzählen.“ Sie wusste, dass die Erinnerung nicht in der Datei allein lag, sondern in dem, was Menschen daraus machten: in den Gesprächen, den Blumen, den kleinen Gesten, die das Andenken lebendig halten. So endete der Tag, nicht mit einem endgültigen Schluss, sondern mit dem leisen Versprechen, zuzuhören und weiterzugeben.
Wenn du möchtest, kann ich die Geschichte länger machen, ins Deutsche adaptieren oder einen dramatischeren oder sachlicheren Ton wählen. Welche Länge oder Stil bevorzugst du?
This title likely refers to a song or creative project by the German punk/hardcore band
(Deutsche Zeit-Terroristen), specifically their track titled "Am Tag als IGNATZ Bubis starb" (On the Day Ignatz Bubis Died).
The song is a provocative parody of the 1970s Schlager hit "Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb" by Juliane Werding. While the original song mourned a friend who died of a drug overdose, DZT uses the same melody to comment on the death of Ignatz Bubis
, the former chairman of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, who passed away in 1999. Review: "Am Tag als IGNATZ Bubis starb" (MP3) Musical Style
: Expect a raw, low-fidelity punk aesthetic typical of the DZT discography. It subverts the polished, emotional "Schlager" pop sound of the 1970s by layering it with aggressive vocals and satirical lyrics. Lyrical Content
: The track is highly controversial. It leans into "Schock-Punk" or "Assi-Punk" tropes, using the death of a prominent public figure like Bubis to challenge social taboos and political correctness.
: Darkly satirical and intentionally offensive. It contrasts the somber, respectful public mourning of Bubis with the band's characteristic irreverence.
: This is not a track for casual listeners or those sensitive to political satire. It is a niche piece of German underground punk history that will mainly appeal to collectors of 90s/2000s subculture music or fans of the "Aggropunk" genre. it parodies or the historical context of Ignatz Bubis in Germany? AI responses may include mistakes. Learn more Als Ignatz Bubis starb - DIE ZEIT
Since this is a specific audio recording often associated with the German news program tageszeitung (taz) or cultural radio archives, this report focuses on the content, historical context, and significance of the recording.